Loom for weaving pile fabrics



A. SPINK ET AL LOQM FOR WE-AVING FILE FABRICS April 19 Filed Jan. 23, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet l SPINK ET AL LOOK FOR WE-AVING FILE FABRICS April 19, 1927. 1,624,993

Filed Jan. 25, 1924 5 Sheets-Shet 2 1,624,993 Apnl 19, 1927' A. SPINK ET LOOII FOR VIE-AVING FILE FABRICS Filed Jan. 23, 1924 3 Shear-Shani! wyniya' 0? 6% Patented Apr. 19, 1927.

UNITED ATES.

AT OFF ALFRED SPINK,v OF WI-IITEHAVEN, AND DAVID CRABTREE, OF BRADFORD, ENGLAND.

IiOOlVI FOR WEAVING- PIIJE FABRICS;

Application filed Januar-y 23, 1924;.Seria1iNo; 687,949, and in GreatBritain January 26,1923.

In the production of; pile fabrics where the pileis formed by chenille or fur weft. such fur weft is inserted by a carrier which moves alternately with the movements of the shuttle, that is to say, the shuttle may bethrown; for one pickor it; may be thrown I toinsert two, three or more picks of weft in successionv and then. (in looms as heretofore constructed) the motions of the loom have been arrested. While. the. insertion. of the pick of pile weft is carried out in! order that' the weaver may. adjust the pile weft in the exact position desired to produce the design of fabric beingwoven. In: the same ;pe of loonr the: wrap. threads which are used for binding said fur weft in position in the body of the fabric have beensupplied from a roller or beam. situated immediately above the insertion. needles which operate such warp threads iniknown manner so that by. this arrangement the. quantity of warp or length of: warp threads madeuse of; at any. given time is somewhat limited; on account of the operations. interfering, with the space that suclr warp threads occupy.

Our present invention. consists in making use of devices that. will; enable us to carry out the picking motions of the loom prior to the loom. being arrested: for the insertion of the pick of' chenille or fur weft thus we can project said weft. across the loomv and arrest the mot-ions of the loom at the time that such weft. is being carried across said loom by which. arrangement time is saved and the means employed are of comparatively simple construction and arrangement and are under the entire control: of. the weaver to enableadjustments to be carried out in well known manner: In. conjunction with the said apparatus for operating the fur weft carrier. we make use of means whereby we can operate the warp threads which are tobind the fun weft in the body of the fabric and which. warp threads are known asbinder threads by. withdrawing them from t a beam; situated towards the rear of theloomthus the quantity or length of binder warp threads is not limited while at all timesby the employment of our improvements said warp. threads are retained at the desired tension to enable them to carry out their. binding actions of the fur weft into the body of the fabric. as is desired.

Inthe accompanying sheets of drawings which. form. part ofour specification and which are illustrative of our. invention::

Fig.- 1: isan elevation showing; the construction and a arrangement of our improved parts for transmitting motion to the fur weft carrier. Only such portions of the framework. ofthe loom are illustrated as are necessary to show the'application of our said: devices. 7

Fig. 2 is (1i plan of the parts shown by Fig. lcertain of. which are shown; in section while another part on the. righthand side of the figure is omitted so'that. parts beneath may be more clearly shown;

Fig. 3. is a drawing in; detail made-to an enlarged: scale of. certain: partsof our apparatus constructed as hereinafter described.

Fig. l is an; end elevation showingthe parts illustrated by the preceding figures in. conjunction with the devices weemploy for operating the catcher warp. threads according. to our invention; In this figurethe end frame of: the loom and other parts are shown only in outline.

Fig. 5 is a front sectional; elevation substantially. on the line XX- of Figure at.

A indicates the, end frames of the loom, B: the crossbinding'rail ofs said loom, C the fur weft and Dthe binder warp..

In carrying; our invention into effect we make use ofa carrier 2 which we construct preferably of metal so that anti-friction; rollers a may be employed thereon to en.- able same totravel oven the-supporting and guiding rail 3 from side to side across the loom: under the conditions hereinafter. ex.- plained. The guiding bar or rail 3 is supported by being fixed upon theend frames A of the loom while above-said bar 3 and on each side of the loom we iiX bearings 4L and 49 respectively so that we may mount thereon lever devices for actuating the fur carrier 2 as-is hereinafter explained:

The lever deviceswhich we make use of consist of. propelling levers 5 and 5 mountedv on; pivotal: supports Z) carried by the bearings at, 4 These levers 5, 5 are connected toeach other by the rods 6 and springs 7, 7 so that by the recoil of said springs: 7,. 7* said levers 5 and- 5 may be actuated to propel the fur. carrier 2.

The screws 7 are to regulatethe tension of the springs 7,.7

Mounted upon the-same supporting pins fit) or studs 6, b are two other levers 8 and 8 and these levers 8 and 8 are connected together by the rigid connecting rod 9. The connection of the rod 9 to the lever 8 is not shown in Fig. 2 for the reason that the lever 8 is omitted from said figure in order that a part hereinafter described may be more clearly illustrated.

The lever 8 is fixed upon its supporting shaft 6 and another lever 10 is also fixed to the same shaft Z) (which moves loosely within the bearing l) so that motion will be fixed hence motion is transmitted from said lever 10 to said lever 8.

The lever 10 is connected by a rod 11 to a lever 12 and this lever 12 is operated by crank or cam mechanism in well known manner, so that it is caused to oscillate in unison with the motions of other parts oi the loom such as those for actuating the ordinary shuttle of the loom as well as the heald operating mechanism.

Extending from each lever 8 and 8 is a projection f f which projections overhang or he in the paths of motion of the levers and 5, consequently when the lever 8 is moved from left to right to occupy a position shown by Fig. l, the projection will be in contact with the lever 5 and will therefore carry said lever into the position shown by Fig. l and in this position it will have moved the tail of the catch 1! so that the hook of said catch will lay hold of a pin 9 projecting from the lever 5 as is shown by Figs. 1 and 2.

When the lever 8 is returned by the action of the lever 12 said lever 8 will by the rod 9 cause the lever 8 to move from the position shown in Fig. l to its rear position and the projection f on the lever 8* will carry with it the lever 5. At this time the lever 5 is engaged and held by the catch 1? thus the springs 7, 7* are stretched or put into a state of tension by the movement of the lever 8 and its projection causing the lever 5 to operate said springs 7, 7

On the lever 8 arriving at its rear posi tion a projection thereon causes the catch 17 to oscillate about its pivot (Z and so engage with a pin 9 fixed upon the lever 5 in order to retain said lever 5 in its rear position under the tension of the springs 7, 7.

it this time the lever S is thus tensioning the springs 7, 7 to retain the lever in said advanced position, the lever 8 will have moved so that the adjustable screw it on its horizontal arm will be lnrought into contact with the tail of" the catch 1'1" (while the projection f of said lever 8 will have moved entirely clear of the lever 5) thus as the lever 83 continues to move its adjustable screws 71 this latter will operate the tail of the catch 17 and cause said catch 17 to release its hold of the pin 9 hence the springs l, 7 will be liberated and by their recoil will force the lever 5 in such a direction as to cause the lower end of said lever 5 to contact with the outer end 2 of the fur carrier 2 by which arrangement the fur carrier 2 is projected or propelled over its guiding rail 3 from the. position shown in broken lines at the right of l, to that on the other side of the loom.

W hen the fur carrier 2 is thus propelled across the loom by the lever S its projecting portion 2 will come in contact with the lower end of the lever 5 which as before stated is now held in its rearward position by the catch 17 so that on reaching this position the fur carrier 2 will remain :for the desired period until the actions of the lever 12 carries the lever S to again operate the lever 5 to put the springs T, T into a state of tension and this is ellected in such order and sequence as is necessary to enable the carrier to be propelled from side to side of the loom and when desired.

It will be observed that since the motions oi the levers :3 and :3 which actuate the carrier 2 are effected by the recoil of the springs 1", T" the loom may be entirely at rest during the movements of said carrier 2 because after the other parts of the loom have been operated or moved into such position that the adjusting screws 7i, ll! on the levers 8, 8 will release the hold of the hold ing catches l7, l? the motion of the loom may be arrested simultaneously with the ex?- il ecting of said releasing actions for the reason that by the recoil oi the springs 7, 7 the carrier 2 may continue its motion across the loom although all other parts ol such loom are stationary by which arrangement we may have the picking of the shuttle and the carrying of the fur weit in alternate sequence when what is known as a reversilole fabric is produced or in such sequence that four shots of ordinary weft by which order what is l-znown as'a hard-back fabric is produced.

The fabric referred to is a carpet having the full backing or stulling warps interwoven solid with other weit and the chenille or tfur welt, the latter being on one side only. Thus it has the full backing of the warp threads, and is a very hard, solid, fabric. it. reversible fabric or carpet has the fur weft interwoven with the central. warp threads but it is interwoven on both sides of said central warp so that it forms pile on both faces of the fabric.

Respecting the method of supplying the binder warp threads I) or D we arrange the beams and 20 upon which said binder warps are woimd to be mounted at the rear of the loom as shown by Fig. & with any well known retarding or let-otf mechanism arranged in conjunction with said beams.

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By the beams 20, QO -being situated to-the rear of the loom the length of'binder warp wound thereon may be greatly increased without. interfering with any of the other fixings on the loom.

VVhe-n weaving what is known as a rc-- versible fabric the binder warp D is preferably taken from the beam whereas when we are wearing a hard back fabric then the binder warp D is mat e use of and this we arrange to be delivers-"(l from the warp beam 20.

li o never use the two warps I), D at one and the same time but have illustrated them in the single drawing Fig. a since those having a knowledge of the trade will understand how the warps may be used alternatively.

The warp D from the beam 20" is the warp which forms the body of the fabric.

When the warp D is made use of we arrange this to pass from the beam 20 over the oscillating shaft 21 and forward over a bar 22 carried by lever arms 23 which are fixed upon the oscillating shaft 21 at each end of the loom so that bar 22 extends from the outer end of one lever 23 to the outer end of the other lever on the other side of the loom will be understood.

These levers 23 which are of well known arrangement and formation are each coupled by connecting rods 24: to the sliding frame in which the warp thread holders 20 are fired, said holders 26 being for operating the binder warp threads D, D as the case may be. The warp thread holders are caused to slide in the framework 2-7 so that they may operate the binder warp in well known manner.

The shaft 21 has fixed to one end of it a lever 22 of well known construction, said lever 22 being coupled by rod connections 22" to crank mechanism operated by one or other rotary shaft of the loom.

The slayhoard or lay 28 of the loom is fixed in known manner upon the layswords 29 such layswords 29 being mounted on each side of the loom so as to support the outer ends of the lay 28.

The lay 28 derives its motion from the crank 30 through the medium of the crank arms or connecting rods 31 which are pivoted to a hinged lever 32 pivoted on the laysword 29.

its is well known the binder warp D or D is moved above the reed 32 as is also the fur weft C.

In order to keep or retain the binder warp D or D at the desired tension notwithstanding the rising and falling movements of the operating holders 26 it has (as is hereinbefore stated) been usual to mount the beam 20 or 20 immediately above the warp thread holders 26 and give motion to such beam in one way or another so that thespace' moved by the holders 26lis allowed for by themovement of thebeams carrying the binder warp.

According to our invention by arranging the warp D' or D to-passover the oscillating shaft 21 and over the cross bar it will be observed that since the bar 22:1novcs in the arc of a circle the centre of which are is the centre of' oscillation of the shaft 21, the-warp threads passing over said bar 22 arekept at the same tension throughout all saidmovements thus the beams of the binder warps may be arranged as described and may be used in conjunction with our improved fur weft carrier with the advan tages stated.

Such being the nature and objectof our said invention What we claim is 1. In a loom for weaving chenille or fur pile fabrics, the combination of a fur weft carrier, a supporting bar on which said carrier is adapted to travel, a lever adapted to engage the carrier and move it on said bar, a spring connected with the lever, means for placing the spring under tension, means for retaining the carrier actuating lever in inoperative position with the spring under tension, and means for releasing the lever and permitting it to actuate the fur weft carrier.

2. In a loom for weaving chenille or fur pile fabrics, the combination of a fur weft carrier, a supporting bar on which said carrier is adapted to travel, a lever adapted to engage the carrier and move it on said bar, a spring connected with the lever, means for placing the spring under tension, a hook adapted to engage the lever and retain it against the pull of the spring. and means for disengaging the hook and lover and permitting the latter to actuate the fur weft carrier.

3. In a loom for weaving chenille or fur pile fabrics, the combination of a fur weft carrier, a supporting bar on whichsaid carrier is adapted to travel, a lever adapted to engage the carrier and move it on said bar, a spring connected with the lever, a second lever connected with the spring engaged lever and adapted to move the latter to place the spring under tension, a catch adapted to be actuated by said second lever to engage the first said lever and hold it stationary with the spring under tension, and means for releasing the catch and permitting the first said lever to actuate the fur weft carrier.

4. In a loom for weaving chenille and fur pile fabrics, the combination of means for supporting a body warp, a lay, a binder warp beam in rear of the lay. a supporting bar arranged above the path of movement of the lay, a fur weft carrier mounted on said bar, spring impelled means adapted to periodically move said carrier longitudinal- 1y of the bar, means for guiding the binder warp over said bar, and needles arranged to cooperate with the binder Warp at points between the lay and said supporting bar.

In a loom for Weaving chenille and fur pile fabrics, the combination of means for supporting a body warp, a lay, a binder Warp beam in rear of the lay. a supporting bar arranged above the path of movement of the lay, a fur Weft carrier mounted on said bar, spring impelled means adapted to periodically move said carrier longitudinally of the bar, a guide roll. above the plane of the supporting bar and over which the binder Warp passes, arms adapted to rock about the axis of said roll and extending across the supporting base, a cross bar connecting said arms and over which the binder Warp extends, and needles arranged to cooperate with the binder Warp in front of 20 the supporting bar for the fur weft carrier.

ALFRED SPINK. DAVID CRABTREE. 

